2009, No. (%)
(N=284)
2014, No. (%)
(N=326)
2019, No. (%)
(N=314)
P value
Overall
Articles with ≥50% female authors 86 (30.3) 101 (31.0) 100 (31.8) .68
Female first author 109 (38.4) 112 (34.4) 98 (31.2) .07
Female senior author 61 (21.5) 71 (21.8) 76 (24.2) .42
Total female authors 467 (31.3) 604 (33.5) 695 (35.7) .28
Total authors 1,493 1,805 1,948
Journal
Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (n=58) (n=54) (n=56)
Articles with ≥50% female authors 6 (10.3) 8 (14.8) 12 (21.4) .10
Female first author 15 (25.9) 7 (13.0) 13 (23.2) .72
Female senior author 5 (8.6) 3 (5.6) 11 (19.6) .07
Total authors 317 308 337
Total female authors 72 (22.7) 77 (25.0) 94 (27.9) .33
Pain (n=74) (n=101) (n=91)
Articles with ≥50% female authors 33 (44.6) 38 (37.6) 31 (34.1) .17
Female first author 37 (50.0) 39 (38.6) 33 (36.3) .08
Female senior author 22 (29.7) 25 (24.8) 23 (25.3) .54
Total authors 432 619 746
Total female authors 178 (41.2) 234 (37.8) 275 (36.9) .46
European Journal of Pain (n=62) (n=54) (n=58)
Articles with ≥50% female authors 23 (37.1) 21 (38.9) 27 (46.6) .30
Female first author 32 (51.6) 27 (50.0) 25 (43.1) .35
Female senior author 16 (25.8) 16 (29.6) 20 (34.5) .30
Total authors 290 258 348
Total female authors 103 (35.5) 104 (40.3) 145 (41.7) .65
Pain Physician (n=38) (n=75) (n=71)
Articles with ≥50% female authors 4 (10.5) 13 (17.3) 18 (25.4) .05
Female first author 4 (10.5) 17 (22.7) 12 (16.9) .59
Female senior author 2 (5.3) 16 (21.3) 13 (18.3) .15
Total authors 205 414 326
Total female authors 20 (9.8) 101 (24.4) 105 (32.2) <.001
Clinical Journal of Pain (n=52) (n=42) (n=38)
Articles with ≥50% female authors 20 (38.5) 21 (50.0) 12 (31.6) .61
Female first author 21 (40.4) 22 (52.4) 15 (39.5) .97
Female senior author 16 (30.8) 11 (26.2) 9 (23.7) .45
Total authors 249 206 191
Total female authors 94 (37.8) 88 (42.7) 76 (39.8) .78