Item Factor 1 h2 Mean SD
1. I immediately buy a product / service if I believe it is useful for overcoming COVID-19. .71 .51 3.36 1.15
2. I am out of control in purchasing products/services such as masks, sanitary gloves, and hand sanitizer for coping with COVID-19. .79 .63 2.03 1.27
3. I purchase more masks, sanitary gloves, hand sanitizers, and food than I previously planned. .78 .64 2.16 1.12
4. I feel a compulsion to buy products/services such as masks, sanitary gloves, and hand sanitizer to cope with COVID-19. .80 .63 2.88 1.19
5. Buying lots of masks, sanitary gloves, hand sanitizers, and food makes me feel secure. .82 .68 2.76 1.22